Watson'experiment

Carl Rogers

Things I have done

I have done a lot of things during the semester, like write articles using information of internet, also listen songs and see their lyrics or watch some videos in youtube. This activities are very good to my practice because with them, i have improved in things like write better: using connectors, new words , better gramatic and new topics. This excercises contributed in my learning of this language and are very usefull to my future.

On the other hand i have read articles in english finding words that i didn´t undertand, then looked them in the dictionary, and tried to leran them; this is very useful to acquire vocabulary. Apart from this activities i watch movies and T.V shows with subtitles in english to pactice "listening" and also to understand the meaning.

Studium was a good tool that help in my learning process, there i did excercises in vocabulary, grammar, and listening, also i made some videos with movie maker.

Even though i have obstacles in my learning process , i am going to keep doing all this activities and excercises because i am sure that with them i will learn a good english .

John B Watson´s experiment

John B Watson was an American psychologist who found the behaviorism school in psychology. To prove the theory of classical conditioning he and a partner conducted the following experiment which was very controversial:
1. They took a very young child and exposed him to a white rat, the child showed no fear.
2. Then they took the same rat and paired it with a loud noise (each time the rat showed up, the scientists played a very loud noise), the child got scared by the noise
3. Then when the rat appeared alone the child got scared

This is a controversial experiment because they used a child with scientific purposes; in a way they harmed him making him feel fear and uncomfortability.

For:
1. He found proof to the classical conditioning theory revolutioning the study of human behavior and opening doors for a more empirical approach to psychology.

2. This type of experiments help science to develop

Against:
1. The boy was only a baby, he was only a few months old, so the experiment could harmed him mentally forever.

2. The study was critized because of its ambiguous results

Bibliography

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Albert

Behaviorism class

Carl Rogers

Carl Rogers ( 1902-1987) was an imporatnt psychologist that was involve in the humanistic school . He was interested in clinical psychology , that´s why he started to study the child´s personality. He saw the people in a good way ( like healthy, not ill ) and considered the mental health as a normal development of the person. Rogers created a theory that is based on the client centered therapy and it´s based to show the client congruence, empathy, and unconditional positive regards .

This therapy is very useful because it helps the person to find a better way to do the things on her/his life, or to choose a good decision, or if the person have a speccial problem like depression.

The way to do the client centered therapy is only talking, and the therapiest should help the client to express all their feelings in order to he /her can explore and understand their feelings for themselves.

In conclusion this theory is very interesting and useful in clinical psychology . The creation of the client centered therapy is an advanced to the tharapy and psychology.

refrences

http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/rogersesp.html

Sigmund Freud and Abraham Maslow

Sigmund Freud was born on May 6th, 1856 in Galician Jewish . He studied medicine and then he specialized in psychiatry. Freud was interested in the human brain, that´s why he started to study the human behavior. He invented new theories about topics like unconscious mind and the defense mechanism of repression. He is famous for founding the psychoanalytic school of psychology. Freud also talked about the human sexuality, and he said that in childhood the sexual desires are very important, because these are the primary motivations of a person`s behavior. He created the psychosexual stages of development: The first one is the oral stage, the second one is the anal stage, the third is the phallic stage, then the latency period, and the last one is the genital stage. The kid should pass these stages and solve them, to live in a good way.

Abraham Maslow was born in Brooklyn (U.S.A). He was an important American psychologist and founded humanistic psychology. Maslow also created the "hierarchy of needs". This concept is very useful in psychology and it deals with human motivation. The theory consists of a pyramid of needs. In the base of the pyramid are the physiological needs that are breathing, eating, drinking, sleeping and finding shelter. If this needs are not satisfied they become the main concern in the person´s life. The next stage of the pyramid is safety needs, it consists of: security of body, of employment, of morality, of the family, of health and of property. The next one is love/belonging that consists in

friendship, family and sexual intimacy. This one is very important for the human been because we need to feel a sense of belonging and acceptance. The next one is the esteem needs that consists in have self-esteem, confidence, achievement, respect of others, and respect by others. The last one is the self-actualization stage that consists in the development of morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem solving abilities and acceptance of facts. Obviously this one is the highest level of the pyramid. By satisfactorily passing all stages the person can reach this stage.

The comparison between Freud and Maslow is that both of them were interested in solving how the motivation is produced in the person. In the case of Freud, motivation was in the human sexuality and psychosexual stages, and in Maslow was in the human needs.

In my opinion both theories are very important to psychology and both of them contributes a lot in the study of the human behavior.

References NOTE : THE VIDEO IS IN THE TOP

http://members.tripod.com/psico1_deshumano/psicoanalitica.html

http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirámide_de_Maslow

Definition

Inventor: Inventor is a person who invents something for mankind.
Invention: Creation of something that didnt exist until that moment. It can be an idea , an artefact or a method to do something .
Science: Science is the discipline that includes all types of knowledge, and allows the evolution of mankind